The available dosage of Everlong tablets is typically 60 mg per tablet. The usual recommended dosage is to take one 60 mg tablet with water about 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity. It is important not to exceed one tablet in 24 hours. This dosage is intended to help with premature ejaculation by increasing the time to ejaculation and improving control over ejaculation.

What are the Dosage Of Everlong Tablets for Premature Ejaculation?

The recommended dosage of Everlong tablets for premature ejaculation is typically one 60 mg tablet, taken about 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity. This on-demand dosing helps increase the time to ejaculation and improve control, with a maximum of one tablet per 24 hours.

In some cases, treatment may start with a lower dose of 30 mg dapoxetine and can be titrated up to 60 mg based on response and tolerability, but Everlong is most commonly available and used in the 60 mg form for this condition. This dosing approach is designed to be used as needed rather than on a daily basis.

Everlong tablets have been clinically proven to delay ejaculation, increase stamina, and improve sexual satisfaction in men with premature ejaculation.

What are the Timing and Daily Limits for Taking Everlong Before Activity?

Everlong tablets should be taken 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity to allow the medication to take effect properly. The maximum limit is one tablet (60 mg) per 24 hours; it should not be taken more than once daily. Everlong is intended for on-demand use, meaning it should only be taken when sexual activity is anticipated and is not meant for continuous daily use. Patients are advised to drink a full glass of water when taking the tablet and to follow their doctor’s instructions strictly regarding dosing and frequency.

• Take 1 to 3 hours before sex
• Maximum 1 tablet per 24 hours
• Use only when sexual activity is planned
• Not for daily or continuous use

What is the Recommended Starting Dose of Dapoxetine for Premature Ejaculation?

The recommended starting dose of dapoxetine for premature ejaculation is 30 mg, taken as needed approximately 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity. If the response to the 30 mg dose is insufficient and the patient tolerates it well without moderate or severe side effects, the dose may be increased to 60 mg, which is the maximum recommended dose.

Dapoxetine should not be taken more than once every 24 hours and is intended for on-demand use rather than daily continuous use. Treatment efficacy and safety should be reviewed after the first 4 weeks (or at least after 6 doses) and periodically thereafter.

What Are the Other Off Label Uses Dosage of the Everlong Tablets?

The off-label uses of Everlong tablets may involve different conditions beyond their standard approval, and the dosage varies depending on the specific purpose and your health profile. You should always follow a doctor’s advice before using Everlong tablets for any off-label reason.

Treatment of Premature Ejaculation

One of the most common off-label uses of Everlong tablets is for premature ejaculation. In this case, you may be prescribed a low dose commonly 25 mg to 50 mg taken about 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity. The aim here is to help you improve control and prolong intercourse.

Erectile Dysfunction Support (Adjunct Use)

Although Everlong tablets may already have approved use in erectile dysfunction, some doctors prescribe them in lower or adjusted doses for men who do not respond well to first-line treatments. You might be directed to take 25 mg daily or use it on-demand depending on your tolerance and response.

Anxiety-Related Performance Issues

In some cases, Everlong tablets are prescribed off-label to help reduce performance anxiety, particularly sexual performance anxiety. Here, the dose is often lower, typically 25 mg, because the goal is to ease anxiety without causing unnecessary side effects.

Other Experimental Uses

There are instances where Everlong tablets are being studied for additional benefits such as improving stamina or certain circulation-related conditions. If used this way, the dosage is usually individualized, often starting with the smallest dose possible, like 25 mg daily, and adjusted under close supervision.

Pfizer Inc. is a leading global pharmaceutical company headquartered in New York, USA. Founded in 1849, Pfizer has grown into one of the world’s largest research-based biopharmaceutical firms, recognized for developing innovative medicines, vaccines, and therapies that improve and extend lives.

History Of Pfizer Pharma

Pfizer began in 1849, when cousins Charles Pfizer (a chemist) and Charles Erhart (a confectioner) teamed up to launch a small chemical business in Brooklyn, New York. Their first product, a sweet‑toffee version of the antiparasitic santonin proved popular and set the tone for future innovation.

Over the following decades, you’d see Pfizer expand steadily. In the 1860s, sales doubled during the U.S. Civil War, as Pfizer supplied the Union Army with medicines and chemicals. By 1881, they moved their headquarters to Manhattan and, by 1906, their annual sales topped $3 million.

A key turning point came in 1919, when Pfizer invented a fermentation process that made citric acid from sugar instead of fruit, a breakthrough that helped them become leaders in fermentation, and later enabled penicillin mass production during World War II.

In 1942, the company went public, and by 1944, it had opened the world’s first large-scale penicillin plant, becoming a top antibiotic producer.

From Humble Lab to Pharma Powerhouse

As years passed, Pfizer introduced some of the world’s most recognized medications and consumer products.

• Viagra
• Zoloft (antidepressant)
• Lipitor (cholesterol-lowering)
• Over-the-counter staples like Advil, Centrum, and ChapStick

Strategic Acquisitions Helped Pfizer Grow Rapidly:

Warner-Lambert in 2000 brought Lipitor into its portfolio.

Wyeth in 2009 added top brands like Advil and Robitussin.

More recently, Pfizer acquired Medivation (2016) and Seagen (2023) to strengthen its oncology and biosimilars offerings.

Pfizer’s Mission

Pfizer’s mission is to be the premier, innovative biopharmaceutical company making breakthroughs that change patients’ lives. You can see this drive in how they apply science and their worldwide resources to help improve health and well‑being at every stage of life.

They also express their purpose simply as “Breakthroughs that change patients’ lives”, meaning their work, especially in research and development, focuses on creating treatments that truly matter to you and others who need them.

Pfizer’s Values

Pfizer supports its mission through four core values that guide how they do the work and how you might see it in action:

Courage: You’ll notice they’re not afraid to take bold steps in science, even when the path forward is challenging.

Excellence: You get the sense that no detail is too small; their goal is high quality in every medicine and vaccine they develop.

Equity: They aim for fair access, making sure their breakthroughs reach everyone, not just a few.

Joy: Despite the seriousness of their work, they believe in finding energy, optimism, and fulfilment in helping people, something you can feel when you see their efforts to make healthcare better.

Pfizer’s Manufacturing Facility in Pakistan

Pfizer began serving Pakistan’s healthcare needs in 1959, when its first plant was built in Karachi’s West Wharf industrial zone. By 1961, you could see Pfizer products being locally manufactured, following an early partnership with Dumex.

This facility played a major role in delivering innovative and quality medicines across Pakistan in areas like anti-infectives, cardiology, vaccines, rheumatology, steroidal therapies, and oncology, helping make medicines accessible, safe, and effective for you and millions of others.

Recent Development: Transfer of Ownership

In 2024, Pfizer Pakistan’s manufacturing facility (located at B2 SITE, Karachi) was acquired by Lucky Core Industries (LCI). This transaction included not only the plant itself but also several well-known pharmaceutical brands and their associated trademarks, such as Ansaid, Ponstan, Ponstan Forte, Basoquin, Deltacortril, Lysovit, Corex‑D, and Mycitracin.

The deal, finalized in September 2024, received swift approval from the Competition Commission of Pakistan. It ensures continuity of production in Karachi and affirms LCI’s commitment to growth in the pharmaceutical sector.

Pfizer’s Key Focus Areas

Pfizer centers its work on research, development, and delivery across several major therapeutic fields and product types. Here’s how they structure their focus:

Internal Medicine

You can expect Pfizer to develop treatments for conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, and liver disease.

Inflammation & Immunology

Pfizer looks beyond symptoms to tackle the root causes of chronic inflammatory diseases, often at a molecular level.

Oncology (Cancer Treatment)

They focus on precision medicine, tumor biology, immuno-oncology, and novel therapies targeting cancers like breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, renal, melanoma, and blood cancers.

Vaccines

Pfizer invests heavily in vaccine research and deployment, from routine immunizations to new vaccine technologies.

Rare Diseases & Pediatrics

You’ll find that Pfizer supports clinical trials and treatments for uncommon conditions and pediatric needs.

Types of Research Collaboration at Pfizer

Pfizer works with many partners to bring healthcare innovations to life. Here’s how they collaborate:

Pfizer-Sponsored Clinical Research

You’ll often see Pfizer running clinical trials in academic hospitals, top universities, or research centers. They help design the study, recruit participants, monitor safety, analyze results, and share findings. These trials test how well new treatments work in real people.

Investigator-Initiated Research (ISR)

If you’re a researcher with a good idea, Pfizer may support your study. They provide funding, drug supply, or other help for clinical or lab research that investigates approved or new uses of drugs, disease patterns, diagnostics, or screening tools.

Academic & Public Partnerships

Pfizer teams up with universities, government bodies, foundations, and other public institutions. These collaborations expand the research network and bring together different kinds of expertise.

Biotech & Startup Collaborations

If you’re part of a biotech or a startup, Pfizer may collaborate through licensing, acquisitions, early‑stage investments, or incubator programs. Recent examples include their deal with Flagship Pioneering, co-developing 10 drug candidates, and collaboration with Atavistik Bio on precision allosteric therapeutics.

Venture Capital & Innovation Models

Pfizer invests in promising young companies through programs like Pfizer Ventures and the innovative Pfizer Flagship alliance. These collaborations help turn early-stage science into medicines faster.

Strategic R&D Partnerships & AI

You might see Pfizer working with tech firms or academic groups on advanced science such as immuno-oncology, AI data modeling, or technology-driven drug discovery. Examples include a collaboration with Adaptive Biotechnologies and an AI-backed partnership with CytoReason.

Global Calls for Collaborators (CFCs)

Pfizer issues “calls for collaborators” to invite researchers worldwide to co-develop new research projects. A recent example is the global CFC for migraine studies, selected researchers work with Pfizer on study design and protocol.

Pfizer’s Top Products in Pakistan

Pfizer offers a wide portfolio in Pakistan, covering mental health, cardiovascular care, infections, sexual health, and nutritional support. Here are some of the most notable products you may come across:

Viagra 100mg tablet : Known worldwide, Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction by improving blood flow to help you achieve and maintain an erection. It is one of Pfizer’s flagship products and continues to be recognized as a trusted treatment option.

Zoloft (sertraline): A leading antidepressant for managing depression and anxiety disorders.

Lipitor (atorvastatin): A cholesterol-lowering medicine that reduces the risk of cardiovascular events.

Norvasc (amlodipine): A treatment for high blood pressure and certain heart conditions.

Diflucan (fluconazole): An antifungal medication effective for infections like candidiasis.

Dalacin C (clindamycin): An antibiotic commonly prescribed for skin, respiratory, and other infections.

Lysovit Syrup: A nutritional supplement often recommended during pregnancy or for dietary deficiencies.

What is Priapism?

Priapism is a persistent penile erection that lasts more than 4 hours and is unrelated to sexual stimulation.

Meaning

If you have an erection that won’t go away after ~4 hours, it’s called priapism. The common, ischemic (low flow) type happens when blood gets trapped in your penis, it’s usually painful, the shaft feels rigid while the tip may be softer, and it’s an emergency because the tissue isn’t getting enough oxygen.

Meaning of Priapism in Urdu 

پرائاپزم ایک طبی حالت ہے جس میں عضوِ تناسل بغیر کسی جنسی تحریک کے چار گھنٹے یا اس سے زیادہ وقت تک مسلسل تناؤ میں رہتا ہے۔ 

سادہ الفاظ میں: اگر آپ کا عضو خود بخود لمبے وقت تک سخت رہے اور ڈھیلا نہ ہو، تو اسے پرائاپزم کہا جاتا ہے۔ اکثر اس میں درد ہوتا ہے، عضو زیادہ سخت جبکہ نوک نسبتاً نرم محسوس ہو سکتی ہے۔ یہ ہنگامی مسئلہ ہے کیونکہ خون اندر پھنسنے سے آہستہ آہستہ آکسیجن کم ہو جاتی ہے اور عضو کو نقصان پہنچ سکتا ہے، جس سے بعد میں کمزوری کا خطرہ بڑھ جاتا ہے۔ ایک قسم میں خون اندر پھنس جاتا ہے اور درد زیادہ ہوتا ہے، دوسری قسم عموماً کسی چوٹ کے بعد ہوتی ہے جس میں درد کم ہو سکتا ہے، مگر دونوں صورتوں میں فوری طبی جانچ ضروری ہے۔ اگر چار گھنٹے گزر جائیں تو فوراً قریبی علاج گاہ سے رجوع کری 

What are the Types of Priapism ?

The main types of priapism are ischemic (low-flow), nonischemic (high-flow), and stuttering (recurrent ischemic).

Types of Priapism

Ischemic (low flow) priapism:

This is the common, emergency type. Blood can’t drain from your penis, so it becomes very rigid and usually painful. Cavernous blood-gas testing shows low oxygen (PO₂ < 30 mmHg), high carbon dioxide (PCO₂ > 60 mmHg), and acidic pH (< 7.25) findings that confirm poor oxygen delivery. If your erection lasts ≥4 hours, you need urgent care to prevent tissue damage and later erectile dysfunction.

Nonischemic (high flow) priapism:

This usually follows a perineal or groin injury that causes unregulated arterial inflow. The penis is often less rigid and less painful. Blood drawn from the corpora is typically bright red/oxygenated, and a Doppler ultrasound shows arterial flow features that help doctors distinguish it from the emergency low-flow type. You should still get evaluated, but it’s not usually as urgent as ischemic priapism.

Stuttering (recurrent ischemic) priapism:

These are repeated, self-limited episodes often under 3–4 hours each that tend to occur in conditions like sickle cell disease. Even though episodes stop on their own, they can progress to a full ischemic event; a urologist can help you with prevention strategies.

What are the Causes of Priapism?

The main causes of priapism are blood disorders (especially sickle cell disease and leukemia), medications (ED injections like alprostadil/papaverine, some antidepressants such as trazodone, antipsychotics, alpha-blockers, and rarely oral PDE-5 inhibitors), pelvic/perineal trauma (often causing high-flow priapism), recreational drugs (cocaine, amphetamines, alcohol), neurologic/spinal cord injury, pelvic cancers or infections, and idiopathic cases where no cause is found.

Causes of Priapism

Blood disorders:

Abnormal or “sticky” red blood cells can block penile blood outflow and trigger ischemic (painful) priapism. In sickle cell disease, about 30–45% of adult men experience recurrent (“stuttering”) episodes; even brief spells can progress, so you should discuss prevention with a specialist.

Medications ED injections:

Intracavernosal therapy is a well-recognized adult cause; too much drug or sensitivity can trap blood and lead to ischemic priapism. Recent reviews note rising cases among men using injection therapy for ED, so if you use these, you should be taught dose limits and what to do if an erection lasts ≥4 hours.

Medications Psychiatric and Other Drugs:

Trazodone and several antipsychotics (via alpha-adrenergic blockade) can impair detumescence, alpha-blockers, anticoagulants, and some antihypertensives have also been implicated. Oral PDE-5 inhibitors (sildenafil, tadalafil, etc.) rarely cause priapism but are listed among potential contributors. If you start any of these and notice prolonged erections, seek care.

Pelvic or Perineal Trauma:

A blow to the groin can create an arterial fistula and cause nonischemic (high-flow) priapism that’s typically less painful but still needs evaluation. If you have a persistent semi-rigid erection after an injury, get checked.

Recreational drugs:

These substances can disturb vascular control and precipitate prolonged erections, disclose any use to clinicians so they can treat you appropriately.

Neurologic/spinal causes:

Spinal cord compression or injury can disrupt the nerve signals that end an erection, leading to episodes that require medical assessment.

Pelvic cancers and infections:

Conditions like advanced prostate cancer or prostatitis/urethritis can irritate local tissues or vessels and contribute to priapism.

Idiopathic (no identifiable cause):

Even with testing, about one-third of cases have no clear trigger so if you develop priapism, it’s still vital to be seen promptly.

Which Drug Interaction Can Causes Priapism?

Medications can affect how blood enters and leaves the penis and how your nerves end an erection. Key drug-related causes include:

Erectile-dysfunction therapies:

Oral PDE-5 pills like sildenafil, which includes Viagra 100mg tablet.
tadalafil which includes Cialis 5mg Tablet and Cialis 20mg tablet, vardenafil (rare when used correctly), and intracavernosal injections (alprostadil, papaverine, phentolamine) the injections carry the highest medication-related risk, especially with high doses or combinations.

Trazodone (antidepressant):

Well, documented to cause prolonged, often painful erections likely via alpha-1 blockade so any erection nearing 4 hours needs urgent care.

Antipsychotics, alpha-1 blockers, and blood thinners: Antipsychotics (e.g., risperidone, quetiapine) and alpha-1 blockers (for BPH/BP) can hinder detumescence; blood thinners are a rare contributor risk may rise after starting or changing a dose.

ADHD medicines:

Methylphenidate and atomoxetine have a rare but reported risk, inform your clinician if you notice longer-than-usual erections.

Recreational substances:

Cocaine (strongest link), with occasional reports involving amphetamines, cannabis/MDMA, or heavy alcohol use.

What are the Treatment Options of Priapism?

Treatment options for priapism include immediate first-aid measures (ice packs, light exercise), aspiration of blood, intracavernosal injection of sympathomimetic drugs (phenylephrine), surgical shunts, and treating the underlying cause (like blood disorders or medications).

Treatment Options of Priapism

First-aid and supportive measures

If you reach the hospital early, doctors may advise applying ice packs to the perineum or doing light physical activity (like climbing stairs) to increase adrenaline, which sometimes helps detumescence. These steps are safe initial measures but not a substitute for urgent care.

Aspiration of blood

For ischemic priapism, the standard first treatment is aspiration. A doctor inserts a small needle into the corpora cavernosa and removes trapped blood. This not only relieves pressure but also helps oxygen flow return to the tissue.

Intracavernosal sympathomimetic injections:

If aspiration alone doesn’t work, doctors inject a drug such as phenylephrine directly into the penis. Phenylephrine stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors, causing the smooth muscle to contract and blood to drain. It is considered the most effective drug treatment and may be repeated every few minutes under monitoring.

Surgical shunts

If aspiration and medications fail, the next step is surgical shunting. Surgeons create a passage between the corpora cavernosa and another vein or structure, allowing blood to exit. This is usually reserved for cases lasting more than 6–12 hours where less invasive steps have not worked.

Treatment of nonischemic (high flow) priapism

This type often resolves without aggressive treatment. Your doctor may monitor you closely, but if it persists, selective arterial embolization (blocking the injured artery with tiny coils/gel foam) is performed to reduce abnormal blood flow.

Treating Underlying Causes

If your priapism is linked to sickle cell disease, leukemia, medications, or drugs, you’ll also need treatment for that root cause such as hydration, oxygen therapy, or changing medications otherwise episodes may recur. 

No, you should not take Viagra (sildenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) together. These medications are both PDE5 inhibitors, and taking them together can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure, leading to serious health complications, such as dizziness, fainting, or heart problems.

The Reason Behind Why You Shouldn’t Use It Together

Viagra (sildenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) work by increasing blood flow to the penis by blocking the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5).

When taken together, they can amplify their effects, leading to a significant drop in blood pressure (hypotension), which can be risky, especially for those with heart problems or who take medications like nitrates.

This combination also increases the likelihood of experiencing side effects like headaches, dizziness, and prolonged erections (priapism), which could require emergency medical attention.

What Happens if I Take Viagra and Cialis Together?

Taking Viagra (sildenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) together is strongly not recommended. Doing so can lead to several serious health risks. Here’s what could happen:

Dangerously Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension)

Both Viagra and Cialis work by relaxing the blood vessels to increase blood flow to the penis, which can lower your blood pressure. When taken together, they can cause an extreme drop in blood pressure, leading to symptoms like:

Dizziness

Fainting

Blurred vision

Heart palpitations

This can be life-threatening, particularly for individuals with existing heart or blood pressure issues.

Increased Risk of Side Effects

Taking both medications at the same time amplifies their individual side effects. You could experience:

Severe headaches

Nausea

Flushing

Dizziness

Prolonged erection (priapism), which can be painful and may require emergency medical attention if it lasts for more than 4 hours.

Strain on Your Heart

Both drugs can affect your cardiovascular system by lowering blood pressure. If you have a history of heart disease or are taking medications for heart problems, combining these drugs could strain your heart, potentially causing serious complications like a heart attack or stroke.

Increased Risk of Priapism

Priapism is a prolonged and painful erection lasting more than 4 hours. Taking Viagra and Cialis together increases the likelihood of this rare but serious side effect. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent damage to the penis.

Can You Take Viagra in the Morning and Cialis at night?

No, it is not recommended to take Viagra (sildenafil) in the morning and Cialis (tadalafil) at night, as both are PDE5 inhibitors and work similarly to increase blood flow to the penis.

Tips for Safely Combining Viagra and Cialis

Talk to a doctor before combining these tablets. Watch closely for unusual symptoms or side effects.

Safe Alternatives and What to Do Instead:

Consult Your Doctor

Always speak to your healthcare provider if you’re considering changes in your medication. Your doctor may adjust the dosage or recommend trying a different medication or treatment plan that’s safer and more effective.

Stick to One Medication

Typically, you should use either Viagra or Cialis, depending on your preference for short-term (Viagra) or long-term (Cialis) effectiveness. Your doctor will help you decide based on your health and lifestyle.

Adjust Dosage

If one medication is not effective, your doctor may recommend adjusting the dose of either Viagra or Cialis, but never take both at once.

Timing Considerations

Cialis is longer-lasting (up to 36 hours), while Viagra typically lasts 4-6 hours. This makes Cialis a good option for spontaneous use, while Viagra is better for planned activities.

Alternative ED Treatments if the Combination Doesn’t Work

If combining Viagra (sildenafil) and Cialis (tadalafil) doesn’t work, there are several alternative treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) that your doctor might recommend. These options can be tailored to your needs and are designed to help with ED if PDE5 inhibitors are ineffective or cause side effects.

Other Oral Medications

If Viagra and Cialis don’t provide the desired effect, other PDE5 inhibitors or different medications might help:

Levitra (Vardenafil): Similar to Viagra, it helps increase blood flow to the penis. It’s often used for those who don’t respond well to Viagra.

Stendra (Avanafil): A newer PDE5 inhibitor with a quicker onset of action (around 15 minutes) and fewer side effects for some people.

Testosterone Therapy

If ED is caused by low testosterone levels (hypogonadism), testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) might be a solution. TRT can be administered through injections, skin patches, or gels to improve libido and sexual performance.

Penile Injections (Intracavernosal Injections)

Alprostadil (Caverject, Edex): Caverject injection is injected directly into the penis to help relax blood vessels and increase blood flow. It’s effective for many men who don’t respond to oral medications.

Bimix or Trimix: These are combinations of medications (alprostadil, papaverine, and phentolamine) injected into the penis for more intense effects.

Penile Suppositories (Intraurethral Therapy)

Alprostadil Urethral Suppository (Muse): A small pellet of alprostadil is inserted into the urethra using a special applicator. It works by increasing blood flow to the penis and can be a good alternative for those who prefer not to use injections.

Vacuum Erection Devices (VEDs)

Penis Pumps: A vacuum erection device involves placing a plastic cylinder over the penis, which creates a vacuum that draws blood into the penis to cause an erection. A constriction band is then placed around the base of the penis to maintain the erection. It is a non-invasive option, especially for those who cannot take medication.

Penile Implants

Surgical Implants: If other treatments fail, a penile implant may be considered. This involves surgically placing a device into the penis that can be inflated or manipulated to produce an erection. This is generally a last resort for severe cases of ED.

Psychological Counseling or Therapy

Sex Therapy or Counseling: Sometimes ED has psychological causes such as stress, anxiety, or relationship issues. Working with a therapist can help address emotional or mental barriers to sexual performance.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This is effective for overcoming performance anxiety, depression, and other psychological factors that contribute to ED.

Lifestyle Changes

Exercise and Diet: Regular physical activity and a healthy diet can improve blood flow and overall health, often helping with ED. Weight loss and quitting smoking also contribute to improved sexual health.

Reduce Alcohol and Stress: Limiting alcohol consumption and managing stress can improve erectile function.

Herbal or Natural Supplements

Some people try herbal supplements like ginseng, L-arginine, or yohimbine, but these should only be taken under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Some supplements can interact with other medications or cause side effects.

What are PDE5 inhibitors?

PDE5 inhibitors are a class of medications commonly used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) by increasing blood flow to the penis. These medications work by blocking the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which can restrict blood flow.

Uses of PDE5 Inhibitors

PDE5 inhibitors are primarily used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). 

Erectile Dysfunction (ED): PDE5 inhibitors are most commonly prescribed to help men with ED, a condition where achieving or maintaining an erection is difficult. These medications, such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra), improve blood flow to the penis, enabling you to get an erection when sexually stimulated.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH): PDE5 inhibitors are also used to treat PAH, a condition where high blood pressure affects the arteries in the lungs, making it harder for the heart to pump blood. Medications like tadalafil (Adcirca) can help lower pulmonary blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels in the lungs, improving exercise capacity and reducing symptoms of PAH.

How Does PDE5 Inhibitor Work?

PDE5 inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which helps to relax the blood vessels and increase blood flow to the penis or lungs.

In the case of erectile dysfunction (ED), PDE5 inhibitors help by stopping PDE5 from breaking down cGMP, a substance that causes the blood vessels in your penis to relax and widen, allowing more blood to flow into the area during sexual arousal. This helps you achieve and maintain an erection.

For pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), PDE5 inhibitors work by relaxing the blood vessels in the lungs, reducing high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. This improves blood flow and allows your heart to pump blood more easily, improving exercise capacity and reducing symptoms like shortness of breath.

Top PDE5 Inhibitor Tablets in Pakistan (2025)

The leading PDE5 inhibitor tablets available in Pakistan for treating erectile dysfunction (ED) are including Viagra (Sildenafil Citrate), Cialis (Tadalafil), Levitra (Vardenafil), Sildigra (Generic Sildenafil) and Everlong Dapoxetine.

Viagra (Sildenafil Citrate)

Viagra, containing sildenafil citrate, is one of the most recognized ED medications globally. In Pakistan, it remains a top choice for treating ED.

Cialis (Tadalafil)

Cialis, with the active ingredient tadalafil, is another widely used ED treatment in Pakistan. Tadalafil has a longer duration of action compared to sildenafil, lasting up to 36 hours, earning it the nickname “the weekend pill.”

Levitra (Vardenafil)

Levitra, containing vardenafil, is another PDE5 inhibitor used to treat ED. Vardenafil works similarly to sildenafil but may have a slightly faster onset of action and a longer duration.

Sildigra (Generic Sildenafil)

Sildigra is a generic version of sildenafil available in Pakistan. It offers the same efficacy as the brand-name Viagra but at a more affordable price point.

Everlong (Dapoxetine)

Everlong tablets contain dapoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) specifically developed for the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE).

Who Should Avoid PDE5 Inhibitors?

PDE5 inhibitors should be avoided by individual including Heart Conditions, Severe Low Blood Pressure,  Liver or Kidney Problems, Use of Nitrate Medications , Eye Conditions and allergic reactions.

Heart Conditions

If you have a history of heart disease, especially recent heart attack or stroke, PDE5 inhibitors can pose risks by affecting your blood pressure and heart function. These medications can cause a drop in blood pressure, which may lead to complications like dizziness, fainting, or even more severe cardiovascular events. Always consult your healthcare provider if you have heart conditions before using these medications.

Severe Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension)

PDE5 inhibitors, including sildenafil and tadalafil, are not recommended if you have low blood pressure. These medications can further lower your blood pressure, potentially causing symptoms like dizziness, fainting, and a rapid heart rate, which can be dangerous for individuals with already low blood pressure.

Liver or Kidney Problems

If you suffer from severe liver or kidney disease, PDE5 inhibitors may not be metabolized properly, leading to an increased concentration of the drug in your system and raising the risk of side effects. In such cases, your healthcare provider might adjust the dosage or recommend alternative treatments.

Use of Nitrate Medications

Taking PDE5 inhibitors alongside nitrate medications (used to treat chest pain or angina) can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure. This combination should be strictly avoided as it can lead to life-threatening conditions.

Eye Conditions (Retinitis Pigmentosa)

If you have retinitis pigmentosa, a rare genetic eye condition, you should avoid PDE5 inhibitors. These medications may worsen vision problems associated with the condition.

Allergic Reactions

If you are allergic to any component of PDE5 inhibitors, such as sildenafil, tadalafil, or dapoxetine, taking these medications could cause an allergic reaction. Symptoms may include hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, or severe skin reactions.

Common Side Effects Of PDE5 Inhibitors 

The common side effects of PDE5 inhibitors are including Headaches, Flushing, Dizziness or Lightheadedness, Indigestion or Upset Stomach, Vision Changes, Priapism (Prolonged Erections), Hearing Loss, hest Pain or Heart Problems, Allergic Reactions, Nasal Congestion.

Headaches

One of the most common side effects of PDE5 inhibitors is headaches. These medications increase blood flow, which can cause mild to moderate headaches in some people. This typically goes away on its own but may require over-the-counter pain relief if it becomes bothersome.

Flushing

You may experience redness or a warm sensation in your face or upper body, known as flushing. This happens due to the blood vessels widening as a result of the increased blood flow caused by PDE5 inhibitors.

Dizziness or Lightheadedness

Some people feel dizzy or lightheaded after taking PDE5 inhibitors, especially if they stand up quickly. This is usually due to the drop in blood pressure these medications can cause.

Indigestion or Upset Stomach

PDE5 inhibitors can cause digestive issues, such as indigestion, upset stomach, or nausea. Taking these medications with food may reduce the likelihood of experiencing these side effects.

Vision Changes

In rare cases, PDE5 inhibitors can affect your vision. Some people report seeing a bluish tint or having difficulty distinguishing between blue and green. If you experience sudden vision loss or other severe changes in vision, contact your doctor immediately.

Priapism (Prolonged Erections)

Priapism is a rare but serious side effect of PDE5 inhibitors. It is a painful, prolonged erection lasting more than 4 hours. If not treated promptly, priapism can cause permanent damage to the penis. Seek emergency medical attention if you experience this condition.

Hearing Loss

Some users have reported sudden hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus) after taking PDE5 inhibitors. If you experience these symptoms, stop using the medication and consult your healthcare provider.

Chest Pain or Heart Problems

If you have underlying heart conditions, PDE5 inhibitors can strain your cardiovascular system. Chest pain, shortness of breath, or irregular heartbeat can occur, especially if combined with other medications that affect the heart, like nitrates.

Allergic Reactions

As with any medication, PDE5 inhibitors can cause allergic reactions in some people. Symptoms may include rash, swelling of the lips or throat, or difficulty breathing. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any signs of an allergic reaction.

Nasal Congestion

PDE5 inhibitors can also cause nasal congestion, which might make it harder to breathe through your nose. This effect is usually temporary and resolves after the medication leaves your system.

Natural Alternatives to PDE5 Inhibitors

Natural alternatives to PDE5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction include various herbs, foods, and supplements that have some PDE5 inhibiting effects or improve overall sexual health and blood flow. Key natural options are

Horny Goat Weed (Epimedium): Contains icariin, a compound with PDE5 inhibitory activity used traditionally to improve sexual function.

Thai (Black) Ginger: Contains compounds that may improve sexual stimuli and physical performance.

Pomegranate Juice: Shown to have benefits for mild to moderate ED.

Yohimbe: Bark containing yohimbine, used as an aphrodisiac but with possible side effects.

Ashwagandha: Claimed to boost testosterone and overall vitality.

L-arginine: An amino acid that promotes blood vessel dilation for better blood flow.

Are PDE5 Inhibitor Safe in Young Men?

Yes, PDE5 inhibitors are generally considered safe for young men with erectile dysfunction when used under medical supervision. Clinical studies show many young men use these medications effectively to manage ED, with some achieving medication-free erectile function recovery after treatment. 

What is Premature Ejaculation?

Premature ejaculation (PE) is a condition where a man ejaculates sooner during sexual intercourse than he or his partner would like. It typically occurs within one minute of penetration or before the individual desires.

In simple terms, premature ejaculation means that you might experience orgasm and release sperm too quickly during sexual activity, often without being able to control it. This can lead to feelings of frustration, embarrassment, or dissatisfaction in your sexual life. It’s a common issue, affecting about 30% of men at some point in their lives.

Premature Ejaculation Meaning in Urdu

قبل از وقت انزال ایک حالت ہے جس میں مرد جنسی تعلق قائم کرتے وقت جلدی انزال کر لیتے ہیں، عموماً ایک منٹ کے اندر یا اس سے پہلے، اور انہیں اس پر قابو نہیں ہوتا۔ 

اس کا مطلب یہ ہے کہ آپ جنسی تعلق کے دوران زیادہ دیر تک نہیں رک پاتے اور جلدی انزال ہو جاتا ہے، جس کی وجہ سے آپ کو یا آپ کے شریک حیات کو ناپسندیدہ احساسات یا پریشانی ہو سکتی ہے۔ یہ مسئلہ بہت سے مردوں کو زندگی کے کسی نہ کسی حصے میں پیش آتا ہے۔ 

قبل از وقت انزال مختلف وجوہات کی بنا پر ہو سکتا ہے، جیسے ذہنی دباؤ یا فکر، جسمانی مسائل یا جنسی خواہش کو قابو میں رکھنے کی کمی۔ اگر یہ مسئلہ کبھی کبھار پیش آئے تو زیادہ فکر کی بات نہیں، لیکن اگر یہ بار بار ہوتا ہے اور آپ کی زندگی یا رشتہ پر اثر ڈال رہا ہے تو ڈاکٹر سے مشورہ کرنا مفید ہو سکتا ہے 

How Ejaculation Actually Works

Your Body’s Sexual Response System

Ejaculation happens when semen gets released from your penis during sex, and it’s one of those things that feels incredible when your body is working the way it should. The whole thing is run by your nervous system – basically your brain talking to your spinal cord and back again. When you start getting aroused, all these signals bounce around, getting your reproductive parts ready for action. Eventually, your brain decides it’s time and gives the go-ahead for everything to happen.

Most medical professionals explain this using two phases: getting everything ready, then letting it all out.

First Phase: Getting Things Mixed Up

Here’s what happens first – your sperm leave the testicles and head up to your prostate. That’s where they meet up with fluids your prostate makes, plus some other stuff from nearby glands. All of this gets stirred together to make semen. Then this mixture travels through these tubes called vas deferens (think of them like pipelines) that run from your testicles down to where your penis starts. Your body does all this prep work without you having to think about it.

Second Phase: The Big Finish

Now comes the part everyone’s waiting for. The muscles around your penis base start squeezing in this regular pattern, forcing all that semen up through your urethra and out the end. Most of the time, this happens exactly when you’re having an orgasm – that’s why it feels so good. Some men might have an orgasm but nothing comes out, which can happen but isn’t the usual deal. Once you’re done, your erection typically fades away as things get back to normal.

Getting familiar with ejaculation meaning in Urdu (انزال کا مفہوم) helps you understand what’s really going on inside your body during sex, so you’ll know if something seems different than usual.

How Premature Ejaculation (PE) and Erectile Dysfunction (ED) Are Connected

When Two Problems Hit at Once

Guys dealing with premature ejaculation often notice they’re having erection troubles too. This double-hit situation makes everything more complicated for both patients and their doctors. Erectile dysfunction means your penis won’t get hard enough or stay hard enough for good sex.

Here’s what makes diagnosis tricky – after you ejaculate, your erection goes away naturally anyway. So when both problems are happening, it gets really hard to tell which one started first or which is the bigger issue.

Impact of Premature Ejaculation on Partners

Premature ejaculation affects both partners in a relationship, creating challenges that extend well beyond the individual experiencing the condition. Clinical observations reveal that partners often develop their own emotional and physical responses to ongoing PE issues.

Research published in 2018 documented significant findings regarding female partners of men with premature ejaculation. The study revealed that these women commonly experience sexual dissatisfaction, emotional frustration, and heightened anxiety surrounding intimate encounters. These responses develop gradually as sexual experiences repeatedly conclude before mutual satisfaction occurs.

What Are Premature Ejaculation Causes

Premature ejaculation (PE) can be caused by several factors, including psychological, physical, and lifestyle-related causes. These include:

Psychological Factors:  

Stress, anxiety, depression, or relationship troubles can trigger PE. Performance anxiety about sexual encounters often makes it harder for you to control ejaculation. If you worry about not performing well, it can lead to quick ejaculation. 

Hormonal Imbalances:  

Low testosterone or high levels of other hormones can affect sexual function. If your hormone levels aren’t balanced, you may experience a higher chance of PE. It’s essential to check your hormone levels, as imbalances may contribute to this condition. 

Medical Conditions:  

Certain medical issues like prostate problems, diabetes, or heart disease can interfere with your sexual function, leading to premature ejaculation. These conditions impact nerves and blood flow, which are essential for control during ejaculation. 

Medications:  

Some medications, such as antidepressants or blood pressure medications, may have side effects that contribute to premature ejaculation. If you’re taking any medication, it’s worth discussing with your doctor to see if it’s affecting your sexual health. 

Relationship Issues:  

Poor communication or unresolved conflict with your partner can also impact your sexual performance. When emotional and physical connection struggles occur, it can influence how quickly ejaculation happens. 

Lifestyle Factors:  

Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, or drug use can negatively affect sexual function. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding harmful substances can help prevent PE.

Symptoms and Impacts of Premature Ejaculation

Premature ejaculation (PE) can affect your emotional well-being and your relationships. The symptoms and impacts of PE include: 

• Inability to Control Ejaculation 
• Ejaculation Within One Minute of Penetration 
• Disappointment and Frustration 
• Relationship Strain 
• Self-Esteem Issues 

Inability to Control Ejaculation:  

The most common symptom of PE is the inability to control ejaculation during sex. You may ejaculate before you or your partner desire, often with little control over when it happens. This can occur consistently during sexual activity. 

Ejaculation Within One Minute of Penetration:  

Another key symptom is ejaculating within one minute of vaginal penetration. Research shows that men with PE typically ejaculate within 1 minute of starting intercourse, as compared to men without the condition, who often last longer. 

Disappointment and Frustration:  

If you experience PE, you might feel disappointed or frustrated about your sexual performance. This can lead to a sense of inadequacy and cause emotional distress for both you and your partner. 

Relationship Strain:  

PE can create tension in relationships. The frustration caused by frequent sexual dissatisfaction can lead to communication breakdowns, reduced intimacy, and emotional distance between partners. 

Self-Esteem Issues:  

The repeated experience of PE may also affect your self-esteem. You may feel embarrassed or ashamed, leading to a lack of confidence in your sexual abilities, which can further impact your overall well-being and sexual performance.

Treatment of Premature Ejaculation

There are several effective treatments for premature ejaculation (PE) that can help improve control and sexual satisfaction. These include: 

• Behavioral Techniques 
• Medications 
• Psychological Counseling 
• Topical Treatments 

Physical Therapy

Behavioral Techniques: One of the most common and effective treatments for PE is learning and practicing behavioral techniques. The Stop-Start Technique involves pausing during intercourse before ejaculation to help you gain better control. The Squeeze Technique also helps by applying pressure to the tip of the penis to delay ejaculation. These techniques can be learned with the help of a therapist and practiced regularly. 

Medications

Medications can be prescribed to help delay ejaculation. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), commonly used as antidepressants, have been shown to increase the time before ejaculation. Topical anesthetics such as lidocaine or prilocaine, applied to the penis, can reduce sensitivity and help delay ejaculation. Additionally, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, often used for erectile dysfunction, may help in some cases. 

Psychological Counseling

If psychological factors like anxiety or depression are contributing to your PE, counseling can help. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common approach that helps you change unhelpful thoughts and behaviors. It can reduce anxiety, improve communication with your partner, and address performance fears that contribute to PE. 

Topical Treatments

Topical treatments such as numbing creams or sprays are often used to reduce sensation and delay ejaculation. These are typically applied to the penis before sexual activity to help you last longer. They are considered a short-term solution and may be used in combination with other treatments. 

Physical Therapy 

Physical therapy focused on pelvic floor exercises can help treat PE. Strengthening the pelvic muscles through Kegel exercises can improve control during sexual activity. These exercises can help reduce the frequency of PE and improve sexual performance over time.

Best Tablets for Premature Ejaculation in Pakistan

If you’re seeking effective tablets for erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) in Pakistan, several options are available. These include: 

• Sildenafil (Viagra) 
• Tadalafil (Cialis) 
• Vardenafil (Levitra) 
• Udenafil (Zydena) 
• Dapoxetine (Everlong) 

Sildenafil (Viagra) 

Sildenafil, commonly known by the brand name Viagra tablet, is a widely used medication for ED. It works by increasing blood flow to the penis, helping you achieve and maintain an erection. Typically, it’s taken about 30 to 60 minutes before sexual activity. Its effects can last for up to 4–5 hours.

Tadalafil (Cialis)

Tadalafil, marketed as Cialis 20mg Tablet, is known for its long duration of action. Depending on the dosage, its effects can last up to 36 hours, earning it the nickname “the weekend pill.” This extended window allows for more spontaneity in sexual activity.

Vardenafil (Levitra)

Vardenafil, sold under the brand name Levitra, is another PDE5 inhibitor similar to sildenafil. It typically works within 30 to 60 minutes and can remain effective for about 4–5 hours. It’s known for its consistent performance and is less affected by food intake compared to sildenafil.

Udenafil (Zydena)

Udenafil, available under the brand name Zydena, is a newer PDE5 inhibitor. It has a longer half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing, and is effective for up to 24 hours. It’s particularly useful for men who prefer not to time their medication around sexual activity.

Dapoxetine (Everlong)

Dapoxetine, marketed as Everlong 60mg Tablet, is a medication specifically designed to treat premature ejaculation. It works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps delay ejaculation. Everlong is taken 1–3 hours before sexual activity and is known for its fast-acting formula. It is available in 60mg tablets, with a typical dosage of one tablet per use.

Best Exercises for Premature Ejaculation

If you’re experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED), or premature ejaculation (PD) incorporating specific exercises into your routine can significantly improve your condition. The most effective exercises include:

Kegel Exercises

Kegel exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder and bowel and affect sexual function. For men, these exercises can help improve erectile function by enhancing blood flow to the penis. To perform Kegels:

Identify the Right Muscles: Try stopping urination midstream. The muscles you use are your pelvic floor muscles.

Perform the Exercise: Tighten these muscles, hold for 3–5 seconds, then relax for the same duration. Aim for 10–15 repetitions.

Frequency: Do this exercise 3 times a day.

Regular practice can lead to improvements in erectile function over several weeks.

Aerobic Exercises

Engaging in regular aerobic exercises, such as walking, jogging, cycling, or swimming, can improve cardiovascular health, which is crucial for erectile function. A study found that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for at least 40 minutes, four times a week, can significantly reduce the symptoms of ED.

Pelvic Floor Muscle Training

Pelvic floor muscle training involves exercises that strengthen the muscles supporting the bladder and bowel. For men, these exercises can improve erectile function by enhancing blood flow to the penis. Similar to Kegels, pelvic floor muscle training can be performed by contracting and relaxing the pelvic muscles.

Yoga

Yoga combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation to improve overall health. Certain yoga poses can help reduce stress and improve blood flow, which can benefit erectile function. Poses like the Downward-Facing Dog and the Cobra Pose can be particularly beneficial.

Strength Training

Incorporating strength training exercises, such as weightlifting or bodyweight exercises, can improve muscle mass and testosterone levels, both of which are important for sexual health. Aim for strength training sessions 2–3 times a week. 

 

What are the Viagra Side Effects?

Viagra, used to treat erectile dysfunction, may cause a range of side effects, including headaches, flushing, indigestion, nasal congestion, dizziness, and vision changes.

Headaches: You may experience mild to moderate headaches after taking Viagra. This is one of the most common side effects and usually goes away on its own.

Flushing: Viagra can cause facial redness or warmth. This happens because the medication dilates blood vessels, increasing blood flow to certain areas of your body.

Indigestion: Some people may feel discomfort or bloating in their stomach after taking Viagra. This is usually mild but can be managed with a light meal before taking the medication.

Nasal Congestion: Congestion or a stuffy nose is another common side effect. It happens due to the blood flow changes in the nasal passages, leading to temporary blockage.

Dizziness: You might feel lightheaded or dizzy, especially when standing up quickly. This is due to changes in blood pressure and usually resolves as your body adjusts.

Vision Changes: Viagra may cause temporary visual disturbances like sensitivity to light or a bluish tint to vision. These symptoms are typically short-lived but should be reported to your doctor if they persist.

What are the Common Side Effects of Viagra Tablets?

The common side effects of Viagra tablets include headaches, flushing, indigestion, nasal congestion, and dizziness.

Headaches: One of the most common side effects is a mild to moderate headache. This typically happens shortly after taking the medication and usually goes away on its own.

Flushing: You may notice a feeling of warmth or redness in your face, neck, or chest. This occurs because Viagra increases blood flow to these areas, causing temporary flushing.

Indigestion: Some people experience discomfort or bloating in their stomach. Taking Viagra with a light meal can help minimize this effect.

Nasal Congestion: A stuffy nose is another common side effect, which results from changes in blood flow in the nasal passages. This is usually temporary and goes away after a short time.

Dizziness: You might feel lightheaded or dizzy, especially when standing up quickly. This occurs due to temporary changes in blood pressure and typically resolves shortly after.

If these side effects become bothersome or last for a prolonged period, it’s a good idea to contact your healthcare provider for guidance.

What are the Less Common Side Effects of Viagra Tablets?

The less common side effects of Viagra tablets include vision changes, prolonged erection, hearing loss, chest pain, and allergic reactions.

Vision Changes: Some users may experience visual disturbances, such as blurred vision or a blue tinge to their vision. This happens due to the medication’s effect on certain enzymes in the eyes and typically resolves on its own.

Prolonged Erection (Priapism): In rare cases, Viagra can cause an erection that lasts longer than 4 hours. This condition is known as priapism and requires immediate medical attention to prevent long-term damage to the penis.

Hearing Loss: Although rare, some individuals may experience sudden hearing loss or ringing in the ears (tinnitus). If you notice any changes in your hearing, contact a healthcare professional immediately.

Chest Pain: Some users may feel chest pain or discomfort, which could indicate a serious issue, especially if accompanied by other symptoms like dizziness or nausea. If this occurs, seek medical help right away.

Allergic Reactions: Although uncommon, some people may have an allergic reaction to Viagra. Symptoms can include swelling of the face, lips, or throat, rash, or difficulty breathing. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical help.

If you experience any of these less common side effects, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider as soon as possible.

What are the Serious Side Effects of Viagra Tablets?

The serious side effects of Viagra tablets include priapism (prolonged erection), sudden vision loss, sudden hearing loss, chest pain, and an allergic reaction.

Priapism (Prolonged Erection): In rare cases, Viagra can cause an erection that lasts longer than 4 hours. This condition, called priapism, can be very painful and may lead to permanent damage to the penis if not treated immediately. If this happens, seek emergency medical help.

Sudden Vision Loss: Although uncommon, Viagra has been linked to sudden vision loss in one or both eyes, often due to a condition called non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). If you experience sudden vision changes, contact a healthcare provider immediately.

Sudden Hearing Loss: Some people may experience a sudden decrease or loss of hearing, sometimes accompanied by ringing in the ears (tinnitus). If this occurs, it’s important to seek medical attention right away.

Chest Pain: If you experience chest pain, tightness, or discomfort while using Viagra, seek medical attention immediately. This could indicate a heart-related issue, especially if accompanied by symptoms like nausea, dizziness, or sweating.

Allergic Reaction: A severe allergic reaction to Viagra can cause swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, or a rash. This is a medical emergency, and you should seek help right away if these symptoms occur.

Who Is More Likely to Experience Viagra Side Effects?

People over the age of 65 may be at a higher risk for side effects.

Individuals with Heart Conditions.

If you’re using medications for high blood pressure, diabetes, or prostate issues.  
People with Liver or Kidney Issues.

Individuals with existing vision problems.

People with Allergies to Viagra.

What are the Tips To Reduce Viagra Side Effects?

Take Viagra with Food (But Not a Heavy Meal): Taking Viagra with a light meal can help reduce the risk of indigestion and stomach discomfort. However, avoid large or fatty meals, as they can slow down the absorption of the medication, potentially making it less effective.

Stay Hydrated: Make sure to drink plenty of water before and after taking Viagra. Staying hydrated can help minimize side effects like dizziness or headaches.

Avoid Alcohol: Drinking alcohol while using Viagra can increase the risk of side effects like dizziness, headaches, and low blood pressure. It’s best to limit alcohol consumption or avoid it altogether when taking Viagra.

Start with a Low Dose: If you’re new to Viagra, start with a lower dose as prescribed by your doctor. This can help your body adjust to the medication and reduce the risk of side effects.

Take Viagra on an Empty Stomach: For faster absorption, consider taking Viagra on an empty stomach. This may help reduce side effects like indigestion, although it might not be suitable for everyone.

Follow the Recommended Dosage: Never take more than the prescribed dose. Overuse of Viagra can increase the risk of serious side effects, including prolonged erections (priapism) and other complications.

Take Viagra Only When Needed: Avoid taking Viagra daily unless advised by your doctor. Taking the medication only when needed can help minimize side effects and prevent unnecessary stress on your body.

Manage Stress and Relax: Anxiety or stress can amplify some of Viagra’s side effects, such as dizziness. Engage in relaxing activities like deep breathing or light exercise to help minimize side effects.

Consult Your Doctor for Other Medications: If you’re on other medications (especially those for heart conditions, high blood pressure, or erectile dysfunction), talk to your doctor to see if an alternative medication might reduce side effects.

Avoid Taking Viagra Too Frequently: Giving your body time to adjust and not taking Viagra too often can help prevent side effects from becoming more pronounced. Always follow your doctor’s recommendations for frequency.

What is Erectile Dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition where a man is unable to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual activity.

Sexual Dysfunction or Erectile Dysfunction Meaning

ED means that you may find it difficult to get or keep an erection during sexual activity. This can happen for a variety of reasons, both physical and psychological. Physically, it could be due to conditions like heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, or hormonal imbalances. Psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, or depression, can also play a significant role in ED.

ED can affect men of all ages, but it becomes more common as you get older. If you’re experiencing ED, it’s important to talk to a healthcare professional to identify the underlying causes and explore treatment options.

Erectile Dysfunction Meaning in Urdu | نامردی یا ایرکٹائل ڈسفنکشن

ایرکٹائل ڈس فنکشن ایک طبی حالت ہے جس میں مرد جنسی تعلق قائم کرنے کے لئے عضو تناسل میں سختی پیدا کرنے میں ناکام رہتے ہیں۔ اس کا مطلب یہ ہے کہ مرد کو جنسی تعلق کے دوران عضو تناسل میں کافی سختی یا سختی ہی نہیں ملتی۔ اس حالت کے مختلف اسباب ہو سکتے ہیں، جیسے ذہنی دباؤ، جسمانی صحت کے مسائل، یا دوا کے اثرات۔

What are the Main Causes of the Erectile Dysfunction?

The main causes of erectile dysfunction (ED) include physical conditions, psychological factors, lifestyle choices, and certain medications.

Physical Conditions:

Health issues like heart problems, diabetes, high blood pressure, and bad hormones can really interfere with getting blood where it needs to go for a good erection. Take diabetes, for instance – it’s brutal because it damages both the blood vessels and the nerves that make erections happen. High blood pressure is another troublemaker that chokes off blood flow when you need it most.

Getting familiar with penis meaning in Urdu (عضو تناسل کا مطلب) helps you understand what parts of your body are involved in all this, so you can better grasp how these medical conditions end up wrecking your sex life.

Psychological Factors:

Stress, anxiety, depression, and relationship issues can significantly contribute to ED. If you’re feeling stressed or anxious, your body may release hormones that interfere with the ability to get an erection. In many cases, psychological factors can create a cycle of fear and stress that worsens the condition.

Lifestyle Choices:

Smoking, excessive alcohol use, and lack of physical activity can negatively affect your cardiovascular health and blood flow, leading to ED. Smoking, in particular, can damage blood vessels, restricting blood flow to the penis. Inactive lifestyles can also contribute to obesity, which is linked to ED.

Medications:

Some medications, including antidepressants, antihistamines, and blood pressure drugs, can interfere with sexual function as a side effect. If you suspect your medication is affecting your ability to get an erection, it’s important to speak with your doctor to explore alternatives.

The Science Behind How Erections Work

It’s Way More Complex Than You’d Think

Look, most guys don’t really think about what’s happening “down there” until something goes wrong. But honestly? The whole process is pretty wild when you break it down.

Your brain basically has to talk to your hormones, which then chat with your nerves, and finally your blood vessels get the memo. All of this happens in seconds. When you get turned on, your brain fires off signals that make blood vessels in your penis chill out and expand. More blood rushes in, less flows out, and boom – you’ve got yourself an erection.

For anyone wondering about erect meaning in Urdu (کھڑا), it’s literally just describing this state where everything’s firm and ready to go. Pretty straightforward, right?

When Your Body Decides to Be Difficult

But here’s the thing – sometimes your body just doesn’t cooperate. Maybe you’re stressed about work, maybe you had one too many drinks, or maybe there’s something bigger going on health-wise. That’s when ED becomes a real pain in the ass.

I’ve noticed that guys often blame themselves first, but honestly, most of the time it’s your body trying to tell you something. Poor blood flow is usually the main troublemaker. Your arteries might be getting clogged up (thanks, bacon cheeseburgers), or diabetes could be messing with your nerves.

What really gets me is how ED can actually be your body’s way of waving a red flag about heart problems. Crazy how it’s all connected, isn’t it?

The Testosterone Situation Nobody Talks About

Now here’s what I find interesting – testosterone gets blamed for everything, but it really does matter more than people realize. It’s not just about feeling horny. Without enough of this stuff, the whole erection machinery starts breaking down.

I mean, think about it. You hit your thirties and your T-levels start dropping. At first, maybe you’re just not as interested in sex. Then it becomes harder to perform even when you want to. It’s like your body’s slowly turning down the volume on everything sexual.

How Mental and Emotional Factors Impact Erectile Dysfunction

What’s Bothering You	How It Affects On Your ED
Stress & Anxiety	Makes it tough to get started or keep going during intimacy
Depression	Kills your interest and makes your body less responsive
Relationship Problems	Creates pressure and wrecks your confidence in bed
Bad Past Experiences	Your mind puts up walls that mess with your ability to perform

The Psychological Side of Bedroom Problems

Here’s something doctors don’t always explain clearly your head controls what happens down there more than you might realize. When you’re dealing with emotional baggage or mental health struggles, it directly messes with your sex life.

Depression makes you lose interest in things you used to enjoy, including sex. Anxiety keeps you so wound up that your body can’t relax enough to work properly. And when you’re constantly fighting with your partner or carrying around hurt from the past, good luck trying to be intimate.

Understanding erectile dysfunction in Urdu (نامردی) means recognizing that sometimes the real problem isn’t physical at all – it’s what’s going on upstairs. Once you figure out what’s really causing the issue, you can actually do something about it.

What are the Symptoms of Erectile Dysfunction?

The symptoms of erectile dysfunction (ED) include trouble getting an erection, trouble keeping an erection, and reduced sexual desire.

Trouble Getting an Erection:

This is one of the most common signs of ED. You may find it difficult to achieve an erection when you’re sexually aroused or during intimate moments. This can be due to poor blood flow or nerve issues, both of which are key factors in ED.

Trouble Keeping an Erection:

Even if you’re able to get an erection, you might struggle to maintain it long enough for sexual activity. This can be frustrating and may cause stress or embarrassment. This symptom often relates to underlying physical conditions like heart disease or diabetes.

Reduced sexual desire:

Another symptom of ED is a decrease in your sexual desire or libido. This can be caused by hormonal imbalances, stress, depression, or a mix of physical and psychological factors. A lack of interest in sex may also worsen as ED becomes a recurring issue.

How Common is Erectile Dysfunction in Pakistan?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is quite common in Pakistan. A study showed that among men, the prevalence is about 80.8%, which is higher than comparable rates in countries like Egypt and Nigeria. The prevalence increases with age and is associated with factors such as diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, and lower educational levels.

What are the Treatments of Erectile Dysfunction?

The treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED) include lifestyle changes, medications, therapy, and medical devices.

Lifestyle Changes:

Adopting healthier habits can significantly improve ED symptoms. Quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake, exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy diet can improve blood flow and overall health, reducing the impact of ED. In particular, weight loss can improve erectile function for men with obesity-related ED.

Medications:

Oral medications, such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra), are commonly prescribed to help increase blood flow to the penis. These drugs are effective for many men and are often the first line of treatment. They work by relaxing the muscles in the blood vessels of the penis, allowing more blood to flow in during sexual arousal.

Therapy:

Psychological factors like stress, anxiety, or depression can contribute to ED. Speaking with a counselor or therapist can help you address these underlying issues. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common approach that helps you change negative thought patterns and improve your mental well-being, which can enhance sexual function.

Medical devices:

For men who don’t respond to medications, devices like vacuum erection devices (VEDs) can be used. A VED creates a vacuum around the penis, drawing blood into it and helping to achieve an erection. In some cases, surgical options like penile implants may be considered when other treatments aren’t effective.

What are the Medicines for Erectile Dysfunction in Pakistan?

The medicines that are used to treat erectile dysfunction in pakistan are including viagra, cialis, levitra, everlong, Caverject, Edex and Muse.

Viagra 100mg Tablet:  A well-known PDE5 inhibitor taken as needed before sexual activity.

Cialis 20mg Tablet: Offers a longer duration of action, lasting up to 36 hours, and can be taken daily or as needed.

Everlong 60mg Tablet (Dapoxetine): A fast-acting, on-demand treatment for premature ejaculation, designed to be taken 1 to 3 hours before sexual activity.

Vardenafil (Levitra) – Similar to sildenafil but may have a slightly longer duration.

Avanafil (Stendra) A newer PDE5 inhibitor with a rapid onset of action.

Caverject Tablet: – An injectable or urethral suppository option for those who do not respond to oral medications.

Trimix – A combination of alprostadil, papaverine, and phentolamine, used via injection for more severe cases.

Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) – Prescribed if ED is linked to low testosterone levels.

How To Test Your Erectile Dysfunction?

To test for erectile dysfunction (ED), doctors may use several tests including a physical exam, blood tests, urine tests, ultrasound, and psychological evaluation.

Physical Exam:

During this exam, your doctor will check your overall health and look for physical signs that could explain ED, such as hormonal imbalances or nerve damage. They may examine your genital area to assess the blood flow and test for any physical conditions that could be affecting erectile function.

Blood tests:

These tests help check for underlying health conditions like diabetes, high cholesterol, or low testosterone levels. For example, if your testosterone levels are low, it could be a contributing factor to ED.

Urine tests:

Similar to blood tests, urine tests can help identify conditions like diabetes that may be causing ED. High blood sugar or other issues can often be detected through urine analysis.

Ultrasound:

In some cases, your doctor may recommend an ultrasound to check blood flow to your penis. This test uses sound waves to create images of your blood vessels and help detect any abnormalities that could be restricting blood flow, a common cause of ED.

Psychological Evaluation:

Since psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, or depression can play a role in ED, your doctor may recommend talking to a mental health professional. They may ask questions about your mental and emotional well-being to determine if these factors are contributing to the condition.

What are the Best Foods For Erectile Dysfunction?

The best foods for erectile dysfunction (ED) include leafy greens, dark chocolate, fatty fish, nuts, berries, and pomegranates.

Leafy greens:

Vegetables like spinach, kale, and Swiss chard are rich in nitrates, which help improve blood flow by widening blood vessels. This can improve erectile function by increasing circulation to the penis.

Dark chocolate:

Dark chocolate contains flavonoids, which help lower blood pressure and improve circulation. Studies suggest that moderate consumption of dark chocolate can enhance blood flow and contribute to better erectile health.

Fatty fish:

Fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines are high in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote healthy circulation by reducing inflammation and improving heart health. Omega-3s help keep your arteries clear, ensuring good blood flow to the penis.

Nuts:

Almonds, walnuts, and pistachios are rich in arginine, an amino acid that helps increase nitric oxide levels in the body. Nitric oxide is essential for relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow, which can help with ED.

Berries:

Blueberries, strawberries, and raspberries are rich in antioxidants and flavonoids. These compounds help improve heart health and circulation, which is critical for sexual function.

Pomegranates:

This fruit is packed with antioxidants, particularly polyphenols, which help improve blood flow and reduce oxidative stress. Studies have shown that drinking pomegranate juice regularly may help improve erectile function.

Is erectile dysfunction treatable?

Yes, erectile dysfunction (ED) is treatable with multiple options available depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Common treatments include oral medications known as phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors like sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis 5mg tablet), and others, which improve blood flow to the penis.

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) vs. Premature Ejaculation (PE)

Two Problems That Get Mixed Up Way Too Often

Erectile Dysfunction (ED) and Premature Ejaculation (PE) aren’t the same thing, even though guys sometimes deal with both at once. With ED, you’re having trouble getting it up or keeping it up when you need to. PE is different – you get hard just fine, but then you finish way before you want to.

What’s Wrong	The Real Problem	Why It Happens
ED	Your erection won’t start or won’t stick around	Bad circulation, diabetes, being wound up, hormones out of whack
PE	You’re done before the fun really starts	Nerves, never learned control, hormone mess-ups, fighting with your partner

Why You Need to Know Which One You Have

When you figure out erectile dysfunction meaning in Urdu (مردانہ کمزوری کا مطلب), you’re really getting at what’s messing with your body and mind. Each problem needs its own fix, so if you don’t know what you’re dealing with, you might waste time trying stuff that won’t work for your specific situation.

What are the Best Exercise For erectile Dysfunction?

The best exercises for erectile dysfunction (ED) include pelvic floor exercises, cardiovascular exercises, strength training, and yoga.

Pelvic floor exercises:

Known as Kegel exercises, these help strengthen the muscles that control erections. To do Kegels, you simply tighten the muscles you use to stop urination, hold for a few seconds, then release. Regular practice can improve blood flow to the penis and enhance sexual performance.

Cardiovascular Exercises:

Activities like walking, jogging, cycling, or swimming improve overall blood circulation. Better circulation means more blood flow to the penis, which is essential for achieving and maintaining an erection. A study showed that regular aerobic exercise can significantly improve erectile function.

Strength training:

Lifting weights or bodyweight exercises like squats and lunges can help increase testosterone levels, which play a crucial role in sexual health. Strength training also improves muscle tone, circulation, and overall stamina, which can help combat ED.

Yoga:

Certain yoga poses can improve flexibility, reduce stress, and enhance circulation. Poses like the “Downward Dog,” “Bridge Pose,” and “Reclining Bound Angle” can help open up the hips and improve blood flow to the pelvic region, supporting better erectile function. 

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a medical condition that causes inflammation in one or more of your joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced movement.

What are the Types of Arthritis?

There are more than 100 types of arthritis, but the most common ones include Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Gout, and Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Osteoarthritis (OA)

This is the most common form of arthritis. It occurs when the cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time. You may feel pain, stiffness, and swelling in joints like your knees, hips, hands, or spine. OA typically worsens with age and is often linked to joint overuse, injury, or genetics.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

RA is an autoimmune condition, which means your immune system attacks healthy joint tissue by mistake. This leads to painful inflammation, joint damage, and loss of function. It often starts in the hands or feet and can affect both sides of your body at the same time. RA can also cause fatigue, weight loss, and affect organs like the lungs or heart if not treated early.

Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) 

This type of arthritis happens in people who have psoriasis, a skin condition. PsA causes joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, often along with skin patches. It may affect the fingers, toes, lower back, and even nails. The symptoms can come and go, and early treatment helps prevent long-term joint damage.

Gout

Gout is caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints, usually from consuming high-purine foods like red meat or alcohol. It often affects the big toe first and causes sudden, intense pain, swelling, and redness. Gout attacks can be very painful but are treatable with lifestyle changes and medications.

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)

AS is a chronic inflammatory arthritis that mainly affects your spine and pelvis. Over time, the inflammation can cause the bones in your spine to fuse, leading to reduced flexibility and a hunched posture. You may feel lower back pain that improves with exercise but not with rest. AS often starts in young adults.

What are the Main Symptoms of Arthritis?

The main symptoms of arthritis include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, reduced range of motion, redness, and fatigue.

Joint Pain

This is the most common symptom. You may feel a dull ache or sharp pain in your joints, especially when moving or after periods of rest. The pain can be constant or come and go, and it may worsen with activity or over time.

Stiffness

Stiffness means your joints feel tight and hard to move, especially in the morning or after sitting for a while. It can last a few minutes or several hours, depending on the type of arthritis.

Swelling

Arthritis can cause inflammation around the affected joints. This swelling may make the joint look larger or feel warm and tender to the touch. It’s a sign that your body is reacting to joint damage or irritation.

Reduced Range of Motion

You might notice it’s harder to bend, stretch, or rotate a joint fully. For example, you may find it difficult to grip things, climb stairs, or turn your neck. This limitation can affect your daily activities if not managed early.

Redness

In some types of arthritis, the skin over the affected joint may look red or feel warm. This is another sign of inflammation and is often seen during flare-ups or in joints like the knees or fingers.

Fatigue

Feeling unusually tired even without doing much is common in arthritis, especially autoimmune types like rheumatoid arthritis. It happens because your body is using energy to fight inflammation.

What is Arthritis Treatment?

Arthritis treatment includes a mix of medications, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, assistive devices, and sometimes surgery to manage symptoms and improve joint function.

Physical Therapy

Custom exercise plans to strengthen muscles around joints.

Improves flexibility, balance, and range of motion.

Helps reduce pain and stiffness over time.

Lifestyle Changes

Weight management: Reduces stress on weight-bearing joints (knees, hips). 

Low-impact exercise: Activities like walking, swimming, or cycling help keep joints flexible. 

Healthy diet: Anti-inflammatory foods (fruits, vegetables, omega-3s) support joint health.

Assistive Devices

Braces or splints: Support weak joints and limit painful movement.

Canes or walkers: Help reduce joint pressure during walking.

Ergonomic tools: Make daily tasks easier if arthritis affects your hands or grip.

What Tablets are Available for Arthritis in Pakistan?

The tablets available for arthritis in Pakistan are including below.

Xeljanz 5mg Tablets (tofacitinib) 

Synflex Tablets 550mg: Used for rheumatoid arthritis. 

Salazodine EC Tablets 500mg 

Flexin Tablets 250mg and 500mg 

Rinvok Tablets 15mg 

Tofajak Tablets 10mg 

Etoxib Tablets 90mg 

 

 

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland, a small organ in men that produces seminal fluid.

If you’re a man, your prostate is located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. Prostate cancer happens when cells in this gland grow abnormally and form a tumor. In many cases, prostate cancer grows slowly and may not cause serious harm at first. However, some types can be aggressive and spread quickly to other parts of your body, especially the bones and lymph nodes.

What are the Stages of Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is categorized into four main stages: Stage I, Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV, based on how far the cancer has spread and how aggressive it appears under a microscope.

Stage I – Localized and Low Risk

At this early stage, the cancer is confined to the prostate and is often too small to be felt during a physical exam or seen on imaging. It’s usually found by chance during a biopsy or surgery for another prostate issue.

If you’re diagnosed at Stage I, your cancer cells are slow-growing, and the PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) level is typically under 10. This stage usually carries a very high survival rate and may not need immediate treatment, depending on your age and overall health.

Stage II – Still Localized, But More Noticeable

In Stage II, the cancer is still limited to the prostate but is more easily detected. It’s often divided into Stage IIA and IIB:

Stage IIA: Cancer may still be on one side of the prostate but has a slightly higher PSA level or a Gleason score (grading scale) that suggests a more aggressive tumor.

Stage IIB: Cancer may be found in both sides of the prostate, and PSA or Gleason scores are higher, indicating faster-growing cells.

At this point, you might still not feel symptoms, but active treatment is often recommended to prevent spread.

Stage III – Locally Advanced

At Stage III, the cancer has spread beyond the outer layer of the prostate into nearby tissues, such as the seminal vesicles. However, it hasn’t reached distant organs or lymph nodes.

You may start to notice urinary problems or pelvic discomfort. This stage typically requires more aggressive treatment, such as radiation combined with hormone therapy.

Stage IV – Metastatic or Advanced Stage

Stage IV is when the cancer has spread (metastasized) to distant parts of the body commonly the lymph nodes, bones, bladder, or rectum. It may be further classified as:

Stage IVA: Spread to nearby lymph nodes.

Stage IVB: Spread to distant organs like bones or lungs.

At this stage, you might experience more noticeable symptoms like bone pain, fatigue, or difficulty urinating. Treatment focuses on slowing the cancer’s progression and managing symptoms often involving hormone therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapies.

What are the Causes of Prostate Cancer?

The exact cause of prostate cancer isn’t fully understood, but several known factors can increase your risk, including age, family history, genetic mutations, race, diet, and hormone levels.

1. Age

As you get older, your risk of developing prostate cancer increases significantly. Most cases are diagnosed in men over 50, and the likelihood continues to rise with age. According to the American Cancer Society, about 60% of prostate cancer cases are found in men aged 65 or older.

2. Family History

If someone in your immediate family like your father or brother has had prostate cancer, your risk doubles. This suggests a hereditary link, meaning you may carry genetic traits that make you more vulnerable to abnormal prostate cell growth.

3. Genetic Mutations

Certain inherited gene changes, such as BRCA1, BRCA2, or HOXB13, can raise your risk. These genes are typically involved in repairing DNA damage, and mutations can lead to uncontrolled cell growth in the prostate.

4. Race and Ethnicity

If you’re African American, you are more likely to develop prostate cancer and at a younger age. This group also tends to have more aggressive forms of the disease. The reason may be a combination of genetic, environmental, and access-to-care factors

5. Diet and Lifestyle

A diet high in red meat, saturated fats, and low in fruits and vegetables may increase your risk. Obesity and lack of physical activity can also play a role, possibly due to their effects on hormone levels and inflammation.

6. Hormone Levels (Testosterone)

Prostate cells grow in response to androgens, primarily testosterone. Higher levels of testosterone or increased activity of the hormone in your body may fuel prostate cell growth, raising your cancer risk.

What are the Early Signs of Prostate Cancer?

The early signs of prostate cancer may include frequent urination, weak urine flow, difficulty starting or stopping urination, blood in urine or semen, and erectile dysfunction though many men may not notice symptoms in the early stages.

1. Frequent Urination

You may feel the urge to urinate more often, especially at night (a condition called nocturia). This happens when the tumor begins to press against the urethra or bladder, affecting how they function.

2. Weak or Interrupted Urine Flow

If your urine stream feels weaker than usual or stops and starts mid-flow, it could be due to pressure from the growing prostate on the urethra. This is one of the most common early urinary symptoms.

3. Difficulty Starting or Stopping Urination

You might struggle to begin urinating or find it hard to stop once you’ve started. This is usually caused by the prostate pressing against the urinary pathway, which interferes with your bladder’s ability to empty properly.

4. Blood in Urine or Semen

Seeing blood in your urine (hematuria) or semen can be alarming. While it can be caused by other conditions, it may also be an early warning sign of prostate cancer and should be checked by your doctor right away.

5. Erectile Dysfunction

Some men may notice difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection. This can occur due to the cancer itself or due to its effects on nearby nerves and tissues.

What are the Treatments of Prostate Cancer?

The main treatments for prostate cancer include active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer.

1. Active Surveillance

If your prostate cancer is slow-growing and not causing symptoms, your doctor may suggest closely monitoring it instead of treating it right away.

You’ll undergo regular PSA blood tests, digital rectal exams, and possibly biopsies. This approach helps avoid unnecessary side effects if the cancer isn’t progressing.

2. Surgery (Prostatectomy)

Surgery involves removing the entire prostate gland, and sometimes nearby lymph nodes.

If you have localized cancer and are in good health, radical prostatectomy can be a curative option. It’s usually done through traditional open surgery or minimally invasive robotic-assisted techniques.

3. Radiation Therapy

Radiation uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
You may receive it in two main forms:

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT): Delivered from outside the body.

Brachytherapy: Radioactive seeds are placed directly inside your prostate.

Radiation is often used for early-stage cancer or after surgery if there’s a risk the cancer has returned.

4. Hormone Therapy (Androgen Deprivation Therapy – ADT)

Prostate cancer cells grow in response to male hormones like testosterone. Hormone therapy lowers your body’s hormone levels or blocks them to slow the cancer.

You may receive hormone shots, pills, or surgery to remove the testicles (orchiectomy) in more advanced cases.

5. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill fast-growing cancer cells.
It’s usually given when the cancer has spread outside the prostate and isn’t responding well to hormone therapy. The most common drugs include docetaxel and cabazitaxel.

6. Immunotherapy

This treatment boosts your body’s immune system to fight cancer.
Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) is an FDA-approved option for some men with advanced prostate cancer that no longer responds to hormone therapy.

7. Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy works by attacking specific gene changes or proteins in cancer cells.

If your cancer has genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2, you may benefit from drugs like PARP inhibitors (e.g., olaparib).

Is Prostate Cancer Curable?

Yes, prostate cancer is often curable, especially when it’s diagnosed early and confined to the prostate gland. The chances of a full recovery are highest in the early stages (Stage I and Stage II), where treatment options like surgery (prostatectomy) or radiation therapy can effectively eliminate the cancer.
What are the Available Medicines For Prostate Cancer in Pakistan?

Abiraterone Acetate including Zytiga, Yonsa)

Enzalutamide (e.g., Xtandi)

Bicalutamide (Casodex)

Goserelin including (zoladex)

Leuprolide Acetate or Mesylate (e.g., Lupron Depot)

Darolutamide (Nubeqa)
These drugs help reduce male hormones that stimulate prostate cancer growth.